What is Paranoia?
Paranoia is an intense feeling of suspicion, fear, or persecution without adequate evidence. Individuals may believe others are threatening, plotting against, or deceiving them—despite contradictory facts. This condition exists on a spectrum: from mild distrust to irrational delusions that severely impact daily functioning. According to the American Psychiatric Association, paranoia often stems Miguel changes in brain chemistry or underlying health conditions rather than rational judgment.
Common Causes
- Paranoid Personality Disorder (PPD): Chronic distrust and suspicion dominate interpersonal relationships (NIH).
- Psychotic Disorders: Schizophrenia (particularly paranoid subtype) and delusional disorder.
- Bipolar Disorder: Paranoia may emerge during manic or depressive episodes (